DuckStation is an simulator/emulator of the Sony PlayStation(TM) console, focusing on playability, speed, and long-term maintainability. The goal is to be as accurate as possible while maintaining performance suitable for low-end devices. "Hack" options are discouraged, the default configuration should support all playable games with only some of the enhancements having compatibility issues.
A "BIOS" ROM image is required to to start the emulator and to play games. You can use an image from any hardware version or region, although mismatching game regions and BIOS regions may have compatibility issues. A ROM image is not provided with the emulator for legal reasons, you should dump this from your own console using Caetla or other means.
- 2021/03/03: RetroAchievements are now available. You can now log in to your retroacheivements.org account in DuckStation and gain points in supported games. Currently only for Windows/Linux/Mac, Android will be added in the future.
- 2021/03/03: Multitap is now supported for up to 8 controllers. You can choose which of the two main controller ports have taps connected in Console Settings and bind controllers in Controller Settings.
- 2021/03/03: Ability to add/remove touchscreen controller buttons and change opacity added for the Android app.
- 2021/01/31: "Fullscreen UI" added, aka "Big Duck/TV Mode". This interface is fully navigatible with a controller. Currently it's limited to the NoGUI frontend, but it will be available directly in the Qt frontend in the near future, with more features being added (e.g. game grid) as well.
- 2021/01/24: Runahead added - work around input lag in some games by running frames ahead of time and backtracking on input. DuckStation's implementation works with upscaling and the hardware renderers, but you still require a powerful computer for higher frame counts.
- 2021/01/24: Rewind added - you can now "smooth rewind" (but not for long), or "skip rewind" (for much long) while playing.
- 2021/01/10: Option to sync to host refresh rate added (enabled by default). This will give the smoothest animation possible with zero duped frames, at the cost of running the game <1%faster.Userswithvariablerefreshrate(GSync/FreeSync)displayswillwanttodisabletheoption.
- 2021/01/10: Audio resampling added when fast forwarding to fixed speeds. Instead of crackling audio, you'll now get pitch altered audio.
- 2021/01/03: Per game settings and game properties added to Android version.
- 2020/12/30: Box and Adaptive downsampling modes added. Adaptive downsampling will smooth 2D backgrounds but attempt to preserve 3D geometry via pixel similarity (only supported in D3D11/Vulkan). Box is a simple average filter which will downsample to native resolution.
- 2020/12/30: Hotkey binding added to Android version. You can now bind hotkeys such as fast forward, save state, etc to controller buttons. The ability to bind multi-button combinations will be added in the future.
- 2020/12/29: Controller mapping/binding added for Android version. By default mappings will be clear and you will have to set them, you can do this from `Settings -> Controllers -> Controller Mapping`. Profiles can be saved and loaded as well.
- 2020/12/29: Dark theme added for Android. By default it will follow your system theme (Android 10+), but can be overridden in settings.
- 2020/12/29: DirectInput/DInput controller interface added for Windows. You can use this if you are having difficulties with SDL. Vibration is not supported yet.
- 2020/12/25: Partial texture replacement support added. For now, this is only applicable to a small number of games which upload backgrounds to video RAM every frame. Dumping and replacement options are available in `Advanced Settings`.
- 2020/12/22: PGXP Depth Buffer enhancement added. This enhancement can eliminate "polygon fighting" in games, by giving the PS1 the depth buffer it never had. Compatibility is rather low at the moment, but for the games it does work in, it works very well. The depth buffer will be made available to postprocessing shaders in the future, enabling effects such as SSAO.
- 2020/12/21: DuckStation now has two releases - Development and Preview. New features will appear in Preview first, and make their way to the Development release a few days later. To switch to preview, update to the latest development build (older builds will update to development), change the channel from `latest` to `preview` in general settings, and click `Check for Updates`.
DuckStation features a fully-featured frontend built using Qt, as well as a fullscreen/TV UI based on Dear ImGui. An Android version has been started, but is not yet feature complete.
- A CPU faster than a potato. But it needs to be x86_64, AArch32/armv7, or AArch64/ARMv8, otherwise you won't get a recompiler and it'll be slow.
- For the hardware renderers, a GPU capable of OpenGL 3.1/OpenGL ES 3.0/Direct3D 11 Feature Level 10.0 (or Vulkan 1.0) and above. So, basically anything made in the last 10 years or so.
- SDL, XInput or DInput compatible game controller (e.g. XB360/XBOne). DualShock 3 users on Windows will need to install the official DualShock 3 drivers included as part of PlayStation Now.
Binaries of DuckStation for Windows x64/ARM64, x86_64 Linux x86_64 (in AppImage format), and Android ARMv8/AArch64 are available via GitHub Releases and are automatically built with every commit/push. Binaries or packages distributed through other sources may be out of date and are not supported by the developer.
**Windows 10 is the only version of Windows supported by the developer.** Windows 7/8 may work, but is not supported. I am aware some users are still using Windows 7, but it is no longer supported by Microsoft and too much effort to get running on modern hardware. Game bugs are unlikely to be affected by the operating system, however performance issues should be verified on Windows 10 before reporting.
- Go to https://github.com/stenzek/duckstation/releases/tag/latest, and download the Windows x64 build. This is a zip archive containing the prebuilt binary.
- Alternatively, direct download link: https://github.com/stenzek/duckstation/releases/download/latest/duckstation-windows-x64-release.zip
- Extract the archive **to a subdirectory**. The archive has no root subdirectory, so extracting to the current directory will drop a bunch of files in your download directory if you do not extract to a subdirectory.
1. Either configure the path to a BIOS image in the settings, or copy one or more PlayStation BIOS images to the bios/ subdirectory. On Windows, by default this will be located in `C:\Users\YOUR_USERNAME\Documents\DuckStation\bios`. If you don't want to use the Documents directory to save the BIOS/memory cards/etc, you can use portable mode. See [User directory](#user-directories).
**If you get an error about `vcruntime140_1.dll` being missing, you will need to update your Visual C++ runtime.** You can do that from this page: https://support.microsoft.com/en-au/help/2977003/the-latest-supported-visual-c-downloads. Specifically, you want the x64 runtime, which can be downloaded from https://aka.ms/vs/16/release/vc_redist.x64.exe.
**Windows 7 users, TLS 1.2 is not supported by default and you will not be able to use the automatic updater or RetroAchievements.** This knowledge base article contains instructions for enabling TLS 1.1/1.2: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/update-to-enable-tls-1-1-and-tls-1-2-as-default-secure-protocols-in-winhttp-in-windows-c4bd73d2-31d7-761e-0178-11268bb10392
The Qt frontend includes an automatic update checker. Builds downloaded after 2020/08/07 will automatically check for updates each time the emulator starts, this can be disabled in Settings. Alternatively, you can force an update check by clicking `Help->Check for Updates`.
Prebuilt binaries for 64-bit Linux distros are available for download in the AppImage format. However, these binaries may be incompatible with older Linux distros (e.g. Ubuntu distros earlier than 18.04.4 LTS) due to older distros not providing newer versions of the C/C++ standard libraries required by the AppImage binaries.
**Linux users are encouraged to build from source when possible and optionally create their own AppImages for features such as desktop integration if desired.**
- Go to https://github.com/stenzek/duckstation/releases/tag/latest, and download either `duckstation-qt-x64.AppImage` or `duckstation-nogui-x64.AppImage` for your desired frontend.
- Run `chmod a+x` on the downloaded AppImage -- following this step, the AppImage can be run like a typical executable.
- Optionally use a program such as [appimaged](https://github.com/AppImage/appimaged) or [AppImageLauncher](https://github.com/TheAssassin/AppImageLauncher) for desktop integration. [AppImageUpdate](https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageUpdate) can be used alongside appimaged to easily update your DuckStation AppImage.
MacOS builds are no longer provided, as I cannot support a platform which I do not own hardware for, and I'm not spending $1000+ out of my own pocket for a machine which I have no other use for.
A prebuilt APK is now available for Android. However, please keep in mind that the Android version does not contain all features present in the desktop version yet. You will need a device with armv7 (32-bit ARM) or AArch64 (64-bit ARM). 64-bit is preferred, the requirements are higher for 32-bit, you'll probably want at least a 1.5GHz CPU.
By default, DuckStation will emulate the region check present in the CD-ROM controller of the console. This means that when the region of the console does not match the disc, it will refuse to boot, giving a "Please insert PlayStation CD-ROM" message. DuckStation supports automatic detection disc regions, and if you set the console region to auto-detect as well, this should never be a problem.
If you wish to use auto-detection, you do not need to change the BIOS path each time you switch regions. Simply place the BIOS images for the other regions in the **same directory** as the configured image. This will probably be in the `bios/` subdirectory. Then set the console region to "Auto-Detect", and everything should work fine. The console/log will tell you if you are missing the image for the disc's region.
Some users have been confused by the "BIOS Path" option, the reason it is a path and not a directory is so that an unknown BIOS revision can be used/tested.
Alternatively, the region checking can be disabled in the console options tab. This is the only way to play unlicensed games or homebrew which does not supply a correct region string on the disc, aside from using fastboot which skips the check entirely.
Mismatching the disc and console regions with the check disabled is supported, but may break games if they are patching the BIOS and expecting specific content.
A number of PAL region games use LibCrypt protection, requiring additional CD subchannel information to run properly. libcrypt not functioning usually manifests as hanging or crashing, but can sometimes affect gameplay too, depending on how the game implemented it.
For these games, make sure that the CD image and its corresponding SBI (.sbi) file have the same name and are placed in the same directory. DuckStation will automatically load the SBI file when it is found next to the CD image.
For example, if your disc image was named `Spyro3.cue`, you would place the SBI file in the same directory, and name it `Spyro3.sbi`.
DuckStation is available as a libretro core, which can be loaded into a frontend such as RetroArch. It supports most features of the full frontend, within the constraints and limitations of being a libretro core.
The DuckStation libretro core is not covered by the GPL license, but is still completely free to use. The only restriction is that COMMERCIAL DISTRIBUTION IS PROHIBITED. By downloading the libretro core, you agree that you will not distribute it with any paid applications, services, or products.
The core is maintained by a third party, and is not provided as part of the GitHub release. The changelog is viewable at https://www.duckstation.org/libretro/changelog.txt
Builds based on the development release of the emulator **(recommended)** can be downloaded from:
1. Clone the repository. Submodules aren't necessary, there is only one and it is only used for Windows (`git clone https://github.com/stenzek/duckstation.git -b dev`).
2. Create a build directory, either in-tree or elsewhere.
3. Run cmake to configure the build system. Assuming a build subdirectory of `build-release`, `cd build-release && cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -GNinja ..`.
4. Compile the source code. For the example above, run `ninja`.
1. Clone the repository. Submodules aren't necessary, there is only one and it is only used for Windows (`git clone https://github.com/stenzek/duckstation.git -b dev`).
2. Create a build directory, either in-tree or elsewhere, e.g. `mkdir build-release`, `cd build-release`.
3. Run cmake to configure the build system: `cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DQt5_DIR=/usr/local/opt/qt/lib/cmake/Qt5 ..`. You may need to tweak `Qt5_DIR` depending on your system.
4. Compile the source code: `make`. Use `make -jN` where `N` is the number of CPU cores in your system for a faster build.
So, if you were using Linux, you would place your BIOS images in `~/.local/share/duckstation/bios`. This directory will be created upon running DuckStation
for the first time.
If you wish to use a "portable" build, where the user directory is the same as where the executable is located, create an empty file named `portable.txt`
in the same directory as the DuckStation executable.
Your keyboard or game controller can be used to simulate a variety of PlayStation controllers. Controller input is supported through DInput, XInput, and SDL backends and can be changed through `Settings -> General Settings`.
To bind your input device, go to `Settings -> Controller Settings`. Each of the buttons/axes for the simulated controller will be listed, alongside the corresponding key/button on your device that it is currently bound to. To rebind, click the box next to the button/axis name, and press the key or button on your input device that you wish to bind to. When binding rumble, simply press any button on the controller you wish to send rumble to.
DuckStation releases ship with a database of game controller mappings for the SDL controller backend, courtesy of https://github.com/gabomdq/SDL_GameControllerDB. The included `gamecontrollerdb.txt` file can be found in the `database` subdirectory of the DuckStation program directory.
If you are experiencing issues binding your controller with the SDL controller backend, you may need to add a custom mapping to the database file. Make a copy of `gamecontrollerdb.txt` and place it in your [user directory](#user-directories) (or directly in the program directory, if running in portable mode) and then follow the instructions in the [SDL_GameControllerDB repository](https://github.com/gabomdq/SDL_GameControllerDB) for creating a new mapping. Add this mapping to the new copy of `gamecontrollerdb.txt` and your controller should then be recognized properly.
<ahref="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/rrt4.jpg"><imgsrc="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/rrt4.jpg"alt="Ridge Racer Type 4"width="400"/></a>
<ahref="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/ff7.jpg"><imgsrc="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/ff7.jpg"alt="Final Fantasy 7"width="400"/></a>
<ahref="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/mm8.jpg"><imgsrc="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/mm8.jpg"alt="Mega Man 8"width="400"/></a>
<ahref="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/ff8.jpg"><imgsrc="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/ff8.jpg"alt="Final Fantasy 8 in Fullscreen UI"width="400"/></a>
<ahref="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/spyro.jpg"><imgsrc="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/spyro.jpg"alt="Spyro in Fullscreen UI"width="400"/></a>
<ahref="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/tof.jpg"><imgsrc="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/stenzek/duckstation/md-images/tof.jpg"alt="Threads of Fate in Fullscreen UI"width="400"/></a>
"PlayStation" and "PSX" are registered trademarks of Sony Interactive Entertainment Europe Limited. This project is not affiliated in any way with Sony Interactive Entertainment.
